The option to activate or deactivate the possibility of considering the Integrated 3D structures in the dynamic seismic analysis has been implemented. This option is independent for each of the Integrated 3D structures contained in the same CYPECAD job and can be selected in the List of integrated 3D structures dialogue box
A new section, Degrees of freedom which intervene in the analysis, has been implemented in the seismic parameters dialogue box of each dynamic seismic analysis code – modal spectral analysis – (Job > General data > Select with seismic loading option > select seismic code).
Users are also informed here of the option which performs the same operation for the Integrated 3D structures of CYPECAD.
CYPECAD contains a software tool which allows for a dynamic analysis to be carried out on buildings with seismic loads acting upon them, which includes the effects of the non-structural construction elements used in the façades and partitions of the building, and considers various behavioural models of the building corresponding to different situations or states of these elements.
More information can be found in the New modules section on this webpage.
When analysing with CYPECAD, if users select the French BAEL 91 (R-99) code and combine it with any of the indicated seismic loads, the program will take into account the reinforcement ductility criteria and the capacity design criteria for seismic design of the selected seismic code. These criteria are justified in the detailed Ultimate Limit State reports generated by the Advanced column and beam editors of CYPECAD.
More information on the combined use of the BAEL 91 (R-99) code with the indicated seismic codes can be found in the BAEL 91 (R-99) (France) section.
South African National Standard. The structural use of steel. Part 2: Cold-formed steel structures.
Implemented in CYPECAD, Metal 3D and Portal frame generator for basic cold-formed sections.
Règles techniques de conception et de calcul de ouvrages et constructions en béton armé suivant la method des états limites.
This code was implemented in CYPE programs in the 2009.1.a version. In the 2013.b version, a group of codes were included which allowed for the Advanced column editor of CYPECAD to be used (which, besides permitting users to use the advanced column editor, also allowed for the Detailed Ultimate Limit State reports and automatic reinforcement tables to be generated).
Now, in the 2014.a version, the following improvements have been implemented when using the French BEL 91 (R-99) concrete code:
Additionally, the U.L.S. reports for columns and beams that are generated by the advanced beam and column editors, include reinforcement ductility criteria and the capacity design criteria for seismic design (bending and shear for the seismic design of concrete supports, and capacity design criteria for shear for the seismic design of concrete beams) indicated in each of the aforementioned codes.
CYPECAD contains a software tool which allows for a dynamic analysis to be carried out on buildings with seismic loads acting upon them, which includes the effects of the non-structural construction elements used in the façades and partitions of the building, and considers various behavioural models of the building corresponding to different situations or states of these elements.
The façades and partitions of the building are considered as being “non-structural” elements, however, during an earthquake, they do provide stiffness to the structure, hence modifying the distribution and magnitude of the forces caused by the seismic action For example, when there is a non-uniform distribution between floors of the stiffness associated with the partitions, the horizontal forces have a greater impact on the columns belonging to the floors with less stiffness, producing shear forces of a high magnitude in the columns. If these have not been designed accordingly, the forces can cause a fragile fracture, endangering the stability of the building, even leading to its collapse.
This is the case of buildings, whose ground floor is destined to be used as retail precincts, and are, generally, irregularly stiff, causing them to be weaker at that floor. The difference in stiffness is due to the height of that floor usually being higher than that of the other floors, and that, due to the use of the floor, is an open floor. Even if the floor below were to have a similar stiffness to that of those above, during the first instants of the earthquake, the partitions of the lower parts of the building fracture, causing an abrupt change in the stiffness, and therefore, an irregularity similar to that described previously. Hence, the stiffness provided by the different non-structural elements can change during the seismic action, due to the cracks and fractures which appear successively.
This module has been developed by CYPE, with the collaboration of the Centro Internacional de Métodos Numéricos en Ingeniería (CIMNE) of the Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña (UPC), financed by the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (CDTI) and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
There are currently no software tools available on the market for the structural analysis of buildings which integrate the possibility of considering, in a simple manner, the façades and partitions, even though it has been proved that they directly affect the stability, stiffness and safety of the building during an earthquake. Since this CYPECAD module does integrate them, keeping the computation periods within an admissible period, their integration in the building projects will increase their quality and the safety of their occupants, allowing for unfortunate losses, both material and human, to be avoided after an earthquake.
More information can be found on the Interaction of the structure with the construction elements webpage.
In versioni precedenti, nel momento in cui si selezionava la normativa Indiana IS 456: 2000 relativa al calcestruzzo per eseguire le verifiche a punzonamento e a taglio di plinti, questa si conduceva conformemente all’Eurocodice 2. A partire dalla versione 2013.p si eseguono secondo la normativa IS 456:2000 (Indian Standard. Plain and reinforced concrete code of practice -Fourth Revision).
La versione 2013.o consente di configurare l’unità di misura mediante cui si esprimono le lunghezze delle campate nei disegni esecutivi. A tale scopo è stata implementata l’opzione Lunghezze delle campate nel riquadro di dialogo Opzioni generali di disegno (menu Progetto > Opzioni di disegno > Opzioni generali di disegno). È ora possibile selezionare unità di misura differenti per quanto concerne Dimensioni, Armature, Livelli e Lunghezze delle campate.
La normativa sísmica Ecuatoriana NEC 11 (Norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción. Capítulo 2.- Peligro sísmico y requisitos de diseño) era già stata implementata in versioni precedenti dei programmi CYPECAD e Strutture 3D.
A partire dalla versione 2013.m, l’uso combinato della normativa Ecuadoriana NEC-11 con la normativa relativa al calcestruzzo ACI 318M-08 permette di accedere all’editor avanzato di travi e all’editor avanzato di pilastri di CYPECAD. Inoltre, con tale combinazione di normative, CYPECAD utilizza nel calcolo sismico i criteri di armatura per duttilità e i criteri di gerarchia delle resistenze per pilastri e travi in calcestruzzo della normativa sismica Ecuadoriana NEC-11.
