CYPE 3D - "Analysis" tab
Options in the "Analysis" tab
The upper tab "Analysis" (accessible in the lower tab "Structure") contains the options for analysing and designing the elements in the structure, as well as those for consulting the results of the analysis, such as displacements, stresses and checks carried out.
The "Stress / Strain" group, on the left, contains the options for carrying out the stress-strain analysis of the structure and consulting its results. It includes:
- the options for defining non-linear combinations, carrying out the analysis and design of the structure, and the design of special elements such as joints, columns, beams or the thickness of the fireproof cladding;
- and the options for checking the node displacements, support reactions, bar forces and integration strips, deformation and contour plots, and the grid, as well as to obtain the list with the results of the seismic action, to carry out the checking of the elements and to obtain detailed lists of the ultimate limit state (E. L.U.) corresponding to the selected code.
Further to the right are the following blocks of options, which allow for more advanced specific analyses:
- the "Buckling" group contains the options for linear buckling analysis, which determines the critical load factors and buckling deformations of the structure for each combination analysed;
- and the "Modal" group contains the options for modal vibration analysis of the structure, which determines the frequencies, periods and modal shapes, the participation coefficients and the percentages of mobilised mass in the analysis directions for each mode.
The program also includes a tool to display or hide "Issues" on the screen in the form of warning or error messages.
Checking displacements and rotations in the nodes
The displacements and rotations at the nodes after the analysis of the structure can be viewed with the following option, which is available in the "Stress / Strain" group of the upper toolbar in the "Analysis" tab (in the "Structure" tab).
Displacements
The "Displacements" option is used to check the displacements and rotations of the two end nodes of a bar.
By left-clicking on a bar, the program will display on the screen the displacements and rotations in the three directions of space of each of the end nodes.
The values shown refer to the global axes of the model. The positive sign of a displacement refers to the positive direction of each axis. On the other hand, a rotation referred to an axis indicates a rotation around that axis, and is positive in a counter-clockwise direction.
In the "Properties - Displacements" dialogue box that appears, there are two options to choose from:
- If "Selected combination" is chosen, the loadcase or combination of loadcases to be checked must be specified in the drop-down menus below:
- By selecting "Simple loadcase" in the first drop-down menu, a specific loadcase can then be chosen from those available.
- By selecting the "Displacements" group in the first drop-down menu, a specific combination of loadcases belonging to this group can then be chosen.
- The groups of loadcase combinations associated with the different materials ("Rolled and reinforced steel", "Cold formed steel", "Wood", "Aluminium" and "Concrete") are also available.
- If "Envelopes" is chosen, the program shall display the maximum and minimum values of the envelope of loadcase combinations. These values cannot be simultaneous, i.e. the maximum displacement or rotation value in a given direction does not have to occur simultaneously with the values in another direction.
To hide the displayed information, left-click on the bar again.
Checking reactions in the support
Checking the support reactions after analysing the structure is done with the following option, available in the "Stress / Strain" group of the upper toolbar in the "Analysis" tab (in the "Structure" tab):
Reactions
The "Reactions" option is used to display the reactions on the external supports or links, i.e. the forces exerted on the modelled structure by the terrain or the supporting elements.
By left-clicking on a defined node with external linking, the program will display the forces and reaction moments in the three spatial directions.
The values of the reactions are referenced to the global axes of the model. A reaction force with a positive sign follows the positive direction of the axis. Moments referenced to an axis indicate a rotation about that axis, being positive in the counterclockwise direction.
In the "Properties - Reactions" dialogue box that appears, there are three options to choose from.
- By choosing "Selected combination" the particular loadcase or combination of loadcases to be checked is specified.
- By selecting "Simple loadcase", a specific loadcase can be selected from the drop-down menu to check the support reactions associated with that loadcase.
- The other options in the drop-down menu correspond to the different groups of loadcase combinations defined in the model ("Displacements", "Rolled and reinforced steel", "Cold formed steel", "Timber", "Aluminium", "Concrete", "Concrete in foundations" and "Ground bearing pressures").
- By choosing "Foundation equilibrium combination envelopes", the maximum and minimum values of the group of combinations used in the equilibrium checks of the foundation elements are displayed.
- Selecting "Bearing pressure combination envelopes" displays the maximum and minimum values of the group of combinations used in the ground stress checks.
The values do not have to match between the latter two, since the majorisation and combination coefficients are different for each combination of loadcases.
Finally, to hide the displayed information, left-click on the support again.
Check forces
The force values after the analysis of the structure are checked with the following option, available in the "Stress / Strain" group of the upper toolbar, in the "Analysis" tab (in the "Structure" tab).
Forces
The "Forces" option can be used to draw on screen the forces, deflection, strain and tension graphs of both the bars and the integration strips of the sheets.
Force selection
In the "Properties - Forces" dialogue box that appears, the following options can be configured.
- If "Laws" is selected, the loadcase or combination of loadcases to be checked must be indicated in the "Selected combination" section at the bottom of the window. To do this, the program provides a choice between different groups of combinations in the drop-down menus.
- By selecting "Envelopes", the program draws the maximum and minimum values of the force envelope of all the combinations used in the analysis.
The bars to be checked are then selected.
- If "All bars" is checked, the selected force graphs will be drawn for all bars in the structure.
- If "Only selected bars" is checked, each bar must be clicked on for the force graphs to be drawn.
- By activating the "Check values" checkbox, the mouse cursor can be moved along the bars to display an information box with the values calculated at the indicated point.
Among the magnitudes that can be checked by activating the boxes in the central part of the dialogue box are the following:
- the "Axil", the shear and bending moment in the two directions ("Shear y", "Shear x", "Moment y" and "Moment z"), the "Torsional moment", the "Deflection xy" and "Deflection xz", which correspond to the two planes of the profile, and the total combined "Deflection";
- with the "Laws" and "All bars" options selected, it is also possible to display the "Deformed shape" of the structure;
- and if the "Envelopes" display is activated, in addition to the stresses and deflection, the program allows users to consult information on the stress-strain ratio. This graph can examine which regions of the bars are compliant or non-compliant.
Each of the graphs is drawn in a different colour. This makes it possible to distinguish the graphs on the screen when several graphs are activated at the same time.
In addition, to the right of each of the magnitudes, the scale factor can be modified to change the size of the representation of the graphs in the viewer.
Other configuration options
Below are the following options for configuring the display of the force laws:
- The "Axes in the window plane" option displays the force graphs in a coordinate system with the axes constructed on the window plane. This can be useful to make the plots visible in some views.
- The "Draw maximum and minimum values" option adds on each graph the information of the maximum and minimum values they reach, as well as the position at which they occur.
- Finally, if only one graph is activated, "View maximum and minimum values" can be selected. In this case, the mouse cursor must be moved over the bars so that the program displays the maximum and minimum values in each one of them.
- It is also possible to configure the display of the force diagrams so that they are shown filled with colour by activating the "Draw the diagrams with infill" checkbox.
- If the "Display stress using contour lines" option is deactivated when viewing the stress/strain graph, the bar sections in which the stress complies with the normative limitations are shown in green, and those that do not comply are shown in red. If "Display stress using contour lines" is activated, the values of the stress graph are detailed using a range of colours, showing a value between zero and the maximum stress value. The legend at the bottom of the display allows these colours to be interpreted.
Licenses and related modules
CYPE programs are activated via electronic licenses which may contain one or more modules. The list of modules compatible with each program may vary depending on the product purchased and the type of license.
To consult the list of modules compatible with this program, go to "CYPE program modules".
Please note that the list of modules available in the license will depend on the product purchased.
